|
|
About Uzbekistan
| Map Location |
41 00 N, 64 00 E – Central Asia, north of Afghanistan |
| Flag Description |
Three equal horizontal bands of
blue (top), white, and green separated by red fimbriations with a crescent
moon and twelve stars in the upper hoist-side quadrant |
| Total area |
447,400 sq km |
| Land area |
425,400 sq km |
| Land boundaries |
6,221 km |
| Border countries |
Afghanistan 137 km,
Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km
and the Aral Sea (420 km) |
| Climate |
mostly mid latitude desert,
long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east |
| Terrain |
mostly flat-to-rolling sandy
desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along
course of Amu Darya and Sirdaryo; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by
mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west |
| Lowest point |
Saryqamish Kuli -12 m |
| Highest point |
Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m |
| Natural resources |
natural gas, petroleum, coal,
gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum |
| Land use: |
10% |
| Permanent crops |
1% |
| Meadows and pastures |
47% |
| Forest and woodland |
0% |
| Other |
42% |
| Irrigated land |
41,550 sq km (1990) |
| Environment |
Current issues: drying up of the
Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and
natural salts; these substances are then blown from the increasingly
exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification; water pollution from
industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the
cause of many human health disorders; increasing soil salinization; soil
contamination from agricultural chemicals, including DDT |
| Geographic note |
landlocked |
| Population |
23,769,000 (March 1998 est.) |
Age structure:
0-14 years |
40% (male 4,732,585; female 4,618,503) |
| 15-64 years |
55% (male 6,441,052; female
6,540,479) |
| 65 years and over |
5% (male 416,571; female
669,191) (July 1996 est.) |
| Population growth rate |
1.87% (1996 est.) |
| Birth rate |
29.86 births/1,000 population
(1996 est.) |
| Death rate |
8.02 deaths/1,000 population
(1996 est.) |
| Net migration rate |
-3.13
migrant(s)/1,000
population (1996 est.) |
| Sex ratio:
at birth |
1.05
male(s)/female |
| under 15 years |
1.02
male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years |
0.98
male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over |
0.62
male(s)/female |
| All ages |
0.98
male(s)/female (1996 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate |
79.6 deaths/1,000 live births
(1996 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth:
total population |
64.6 years |
| Male |
60.44 years |
| Female |
68.97 years (1996 est.) |
| Total fertility rate |
3.69 children born/woman (1996
est.) |
| Ethnic divisions |
Uzbek 71.4%, Russian 8.3%, Tajik
4.7%, Kazak 4.1%, Tatar 2.4%, Karakalpak 2.1%, other 7% |
| Religions |
Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis),
Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3% |
| Languages |
Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%,
Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1% |
| Literacy:
All |
97% |
| Male |
98% |
| Female |
96% |
| Age 15 and over |
can read and write (1989 est.) |
Name of country:
conventional long form |
Republic of Uzbekistan |
| Type of government |
Republic |
| Capital |
Tashkent |
| Administrative divisions |
12 oblasts, one autonomous
republic and one city; Andijon oblast (capital: Andijon) – 2,116,000
people, Bukhoro oblast (Bukhoro) – 1,379,000, Jizzakh oblast (Jizzakh) -
924,000, Ferghana oblast (Ferghana) – 2,584,000, Karakalpakstan autonomous
republic (Nukus) – 1,456,000, Kashkadarya oblast (Qarshi) – 2,067,000,
Khorezm oblast (Urganch) – 1,272,000, Namanghan oblast (Namanghan) -
1,858,000, Navoi oblast (Navoi) – 769,000, Samarkand oblast (Samarkand) -
2,585,000, Sirdaryo oblast (Guliston) – 650,000, Surkhandarya oblast (Termiz)
- 1,660,000, Tashkent city – 2,138,000, Tashkent oblast (Tashkent) -
2,311,000 |
| Independence |
31 August 1991 (from Soviet
Union) |
| Constitution |
new constitution adopted 8
December 1992 |
| Presidential elections |
January
9, 2000. Islam Karimov elected as President till 2005 |
| Legislative branch |
Unicameral |
| Supreme Assembly |
Oliy
Majlis |
| Parliamentary
elections |
December
25, 2000 |
| Judicial branch |
Supreme Court, judges are
nominated by the president and confirmed by the Supreme Assembly |
| Cabinet |
Cabinet of Ministers was
appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly |
| International organization
participation |
AsDB,
CCC, CIS, EBRD, ECE, ECO,
ESCAP, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO,
ITU, NACC, NAM, OIC (observer), OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU,
WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (applicant), WIPO, |
|
